scanf — Converts formatted input on standard input
[v_1,...v_n]=scanf (format);
The scanf functions get character data on standard input (%io(1)), interpret it according to a format, and returns the converted results.
The format parameter contains conversion specifications used to interpret the input.
The format parameter can contain white-space characters (blanks, tabs, newline, or formfeed) that, except in the following two cases, read the input up to the next nonwhite-space character. Unless there is a match in the control string, trailing white space (including a newline character) is not read.
Any character except % (percent sign), which must match the next character of the input stream.
A conversion specification that directs the conversion of the next input field. see scanf_conversion for details.